Hair Thickening Compositions and Methods of Use

ABSTRACT

Provided is a method for increasing hair shaft diameter, the method including applying a hair care composition to a region of the hair, wherein the hair care composition includes from about 0.05% to about 0.5% resorcinol and from about 1% to about 1.7% of a rheology modifier.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to hair care compositions comprising oneor more actives useful for increasing hair diameter and methods of usethereof.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Many attributes contribute to the appearance of hair considered to beattractive. For instance, hair with a full and thick appearance is verydesirable. In contrast, hair with a thin appearance is not asattractive, and can even lead to a perception that the thin-hairedindividual is older than their chronological age. Because of theforegoing problems associated with thin hair, many individuals expendgreat effort and time on grooming, yet still do not attain their desiredhairstyle and appearance. This can lead to frustration and/or lack ofconfidence in his or her appearance. These problems can be experiencedby both female and male consumers and at a variety of ages.

In view thereof, there is a need to provide consumers with a hair carecomposition that includes actives which increase hair diameter andtherefore create a fuller and thicker appearance of the hair.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Provided is a method for increasing hair shaft diameter, the methodincluding applying a hair care composition to a region of the hair,wherein the hair care composition includes from about 0.05% to about0.5% resorcinol and from about 1% to about 1.7% of a rheology modifier.

Also provided is a hair care composition comprising from about 0.05% toabout 0.5% resorcinol and from about 1% to about 1.7% of a rheologymodifier.

These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the presentinvention will become evident to those skilled in the art from a readingof the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

While the specification concludes with the claims particularly pointingand distinctly claiming the invention, it is believed that embodimentsof the present invention will be better understood from the followingdescription. In all embodiments of the present invention, all weightpercentages are by weight of the total composition, unless specificallystated otherwise. All ratios are weight ratios, unless specificallystated otherwise. All ranges are inclusive and combinable. The number ofsignificant digits conveys neither limitations on the indicated amountsnor on the accuracy of the measurements. All numerical amounts areunderstood to be modified by the word “about” unless otherwisespecifically indicated. All measurements are understood to be made at25° C. and at ambient conditions, where “ambient conditions” meansconditions under about one atmosphere of pressure and at about 50%relative humidity. All such weights as they pertain to listedingredients are based on the active level and do not include carriers orby-products that may be included in commercially available materials,unless otherwise specified.

As used herein, the term “hair care compositions” are compositions thatare applied to the hair and/or the skin underneath the hair, includingcompositions used to treat or care for the hair. Products contemplatedby the phrase “hair care composition” include, but are not limited toafter-shave tonics and lotions, creams, emulsions, foams, hairconditioners (rinse-off and leave-on), hair colorants, hair tonics,liquids, lotions, mousses, propellant lotions, shampoos, shave gels,temporary beard hair dyes, and the like.

“Mammalian hair,” as referenced herein, includes hair on any part of thebody of a mammal, and can include but is not limited to facial, cranial,or body hair. For instance, it can include hair on the scalp, head,neck, beard, moustache, eyebrows and sideburns hair.

I. Hair Care Compositions

According to an embodiment of the invention, the hair care compositionmay include one or more solvents, such as dipropyleneglycol, propyleneglycol, butylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol,dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether, 1,2-hexanediol, dimethyl isosorbide,ethanol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 2,2′-thiodiethanol, and1,6-hexanediol, or combinations thereof.

According to yet another embodiment, the hair care composition mayfurther include one or more additional hair growth stimulating agents,such as those disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No.2010/0120871. Accordingly, non-limiting examples of additional hairgrowth stimulating agents include indole compounds, xanthine compounds,vitamin B₃ compounds, panthenol compounds, and derivatives thereof.

A. Indole Compounds

The hair care compositions can further include an indole compound. Asused herein, “indole compound” means one or more indoles, derivativesthereof, mixtures thereof, or salts thereof. Accordingly, thecomposition may include from about 0.1% to about 10% of the indolecompound, from about 0.5% to about 5% of the indole compound, or fromabout 1% to about 2% of the indole compound, for example, wherein thepercentage is a weight percentage based on the total weight of the finalhair care composition.

B. Xanthine Compounds

The hair care compositions can further include a xanthine compound. Asused herein, “xanthine compound” means one or more xanthines,derivatives thereof, and mixtures thereof. Xanthine compounds that canbe useful herein include, but are not limited to, caffeine, xanthine,1-methylxanthine, theophylline, theobromine, derivatives thereof, andmixtures thereof. Accordingly, the composition may include from about0.1% to about 10% of the xanthine compound, from about 0.5% to about 5%of the xanthine compound, or from about 1% to about 2% of the xanthinecompound, for example, wherein the percentage is a weight percentagebased on the total weight of the final hair care composition. Forexample, the hair care composition may further include about 0.75% ofcaffeine.

In an embodiment, the amount of xanthine may be decreased to lessenpotential white residue the may result from various formulations whenthe xanthine is present in higher amounts. In an embodiment, the haircare composition may comprise from about 0.01% to about 1% xanthine,alternative from about 0.01% to about 0.75% xanthine, alternatively fromabout 0.01% to about 0.5% xanthine, alternatively from about 0.01% toabout 0.25% xanthine, and alternatively from about 0.01% to about 0.1%xanthine. In an embodiment, the hair care composition may have noxanthine.

C. Vitamin B₃ Compounds

The hair care compositions can further include a vitamin B3 compound. Asused herein, “vitamin B₃ compound” means nicotinic acid, niacinamide,nicotinyl alcohol, derivatives thereof, and mixtures thereof. Thevitamin B₃ compound may be included as the substantially pure material,or as an extract obtained by suitable physical and/or chemical isolationfrom natural (e.g., plant) sources. Accordingly, the composition mayinclude from about 0.1% to about 25% of the vitamin B₃ compound; fromabout 0.5% to about 15% of the vitamin B₃ compound; or from about 3.5%to about 7.5% of the vitamin B₃ compound, for example, wherein thepercentage is a weight percentage based on the total weight of the finalhair care composition. For example, the hair care composition mayfurther include about 2.5% of vitamin B₃.

D. Panthenol Compounds

The hair care compositions can further comprise a panthenol compound. Asused herein, the term “panthenol compound” includes panthenol, one ormore pantothenic acid derivatives, and mixtures thereof. Non-limitingexamples of panthenol compounds include D-panthenol([R]-2,4-dihydroxy-N-[3-hydroxypropyl)]-3,3-dimethylbutamide),D,L-panthenol, pantothenic acids and their salts (e.g., the calciumsalt), panthenyl triacetate, royal jelly, panthetine, pantotheine,panthenyl ethyl ether, pangamic acid, pantoyl lactose, Vitamin Bcomplex, or mixtures thereof. Accordingly, the composition may includefrom about 0.01% to about 5% of the panthenol compound; from about 0.03%to about 3% of the panthenol compound; from about 0.05% to about 2% ofthe panthenol compound; or from about 0.1% to about 1% of the panthenolcompound, for example, wherein the percentage is a weight percentagebased on the total weight of the final hair care composition. Forexample, the hair care composition may further include about 0.15% ofpanthenol.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the hair carecompositions may be free of oleanolic acid and/or biotinyl-GHK, which iscontrary to that described in U.S. Patent Application No. 20060067905.

E. Hops

In an embodiment, the hair care composition may comprise hops. The haircare composition may comprise from about 0.01% about 5% hops,alternatively from about 0.01% to about 3% hops, alternatively fromabout 0.01% to about 1.5% hops, and alternatively from about 0.01% toabout 1% hops. In an embodiment, the hair care composition may compriseno hops.

The hops may be extracted by different methods, including extraction inglycerin, extraction in water and denatured alcohol, or extraction inpropylene glycol. In an embodiment, the hops is extracted in glycerin.In an embodiment, the hops extracted in glycerin may provide improvedthickening as compared to other extraction methods. In an embodiment,the hops is of the Humulus Lupulus species.

F. Resorcinol

In an embodiment, the hair care composition may comprise resorcinol. Thehair care composition may comprise from about 1% to about 14%resorcinol, alternatively from about 1% to about 13% resorcinol,alternatively from about 1% to about 11% resorcinol, alternatively fromabout 1% to about 9% resorcinol, alternatively from about 1% to about 8%resorcinol, alternatively from about 1% to about 4% resorcinol, andalternatively from about 1% to about 3% resorcinol.

In an embodiment, the resorcinol may be chlorinated. In an embodiment,the resorcinol may be non-chlorinated. In an embodiment, the chlorinatedresorcinol may provide improved thickening as compared tonon-chlorinated resorcinol.

G. Rheology Modifier

In one embodiment, the composition comprises a rheology modifier toincrease the substantivity of the composition. Any suitable rheologymodifier can be used. In an embodiment, the hair care composition maycomprise from about 0.1% to about 10% of a rheology modifier,alternatively from about 0.5% to about 2.2% of a rheology modifier,alternatively from about 0.7% to about 2% of a rheology modifier,alternatively from about 1% to about 1.7% of a rheology, andalternatively from about 1% to about 1.5% of a rheology modifier. In anembodiment, the rheology modifier may be a polyacrylamide thickener.

Non-limiting examples of rheology modifiers include acrylamide/ammoniumacrylate copolymer (and) polyisobutene (and) polysorbate 20;acrylamide/sodium acryloyldimethyl tauratecopolymer/isohexadecane/polysorbate 80; acrylates copolymer;acrylates/beheneth-25 methacrylate copolymer; acrylates/C10-C30 alkylacrylate crosspolymer; acrylates/steareth-20 itaconate copolymer;ammonium polyacrylate/Isohexadecane/PEG-40 castor oil; C12-16 alkylPEG-2 hydroxypropylhydroxyethyl ethylcellulose (HM-EHEC); carbomer;crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP); dibenzylidene sorbitol;hydroxyethyl ethylcellulose (EHEC); hydroxypropyl methylcellulose(HPMC); hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC); hydroxypropylcellulose(HPC); methylcellulose (MC); methylhydroxyethyl cellulose (MEHEC);PEG-150/decyl alcohol/SMDI copolymer; PEG-150/stearyl alcohol/SMDIcopolymer; polyacrylamide/C13-14 isoparaffin/laureth-7; polyacrylate13/polyisobutene/polysorbate 20; polyacrylate crosspolymer-6;polyamide-3; polyquaternium-37 (and) hydrogenated polydecene (and)trideceth-6; polyurethane-39; sodiumacrylate/acryloyldimethyltaurate/dimethylacrylamide; crosspolymer (and)isohexadecane (and) polysorbate 60; sodium polyacrylate. Exemplarycommercially-available rheology modifiers include ACULYN™ 28, Klucel MCS, Klucel H CS, Klucel G CS, SYLVACLEAR AF1900V, SYLVACLEAR PA1200V,Benecel E10M, Benecel K35M, Optasense RMC70, ACULYN™33, ACULYN™46,ACULYN™22, ACULYN™44, Carbopol Ultrez 20, Carbopol Ultrez 21, CarbopolUltrez 10, Carbopol 1342, Sepigel™ 305, Simulgel™600, Sepimax Zen, andcombinations thereof.

H. Carrier

According to another aspect of the present invention, the hair carecompositions may further include at least about 20 weight percent of anaqueous carrier. According to one embodiment, the aqueous carrier may beprepared from demineralized or distilled water, for example. Otheracceptable carriers that may be used in the aqueous carrier include, butare not limited to alcohol compounds, such as ethanol. According to oneembodiment, the composition comprises alcohol, dipropylene glycol,and/or water.

The hair care compositions may have a pH ranging from about 3.0 to about10, which may be measured by taking a direct pH measurement using astandard hydrogen electrode of the composition at 25° C. Accordingly,the pH of the hair care composition may be within the range from about 6to about 9, for example.

I. Optional Ingredients

The compositions of the present invention can also additionally compriseany suitable optional ingredients as desired. For example, thecomposition can optionally include other active or inactive ingredients.

The compositions may include other common hair ingredients such aspyrithione zinc, minoxidil, silicones, glycerin, conditioning agents,and other suitable materials. The CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook,Tenth Edition (published by the Cosmetic, Toiletry, and FragranceAssociation, Inc., Washington, D.C.) (2004) (hereinafter “CTFA”),describes a wide variety of nonlimiting materials that can be added tothe composition herein. Examples of these ingredient classes include,but are not limited to: abrasives, absorbents, aesthetic components suchas fragrances, pigments, colorings/colorants, essential oils, skinsensates, astringents, etc. (e.g., clove oil, menthol, camphor,eucalyptus oil, eugenol, menthyl lactate, witch hazel distillate),anti-acne agents, anti-caking agents, antifoaming agents, antimicrobialagents (e.g., iodopropyl butylcarbamate), antioxidants, binders,biological additives, buffering agents, bulking agents, chelatingagents, chemical additives, colorants, cosmetic astringents, cosmeticbiocides, denaturants, drug astringents, external analgesics, filmformers or materials, e.g., polymers, for aiding the film-formingproperties and substantivity of the composition (e.g., copolymer ofeicosene and vinyl pyrrolidone), opacifying agents, pH adjusters,propellants, reducing agents, sequestrants, rheology modifiers, hairconditioning agents, and surfactants.

In one embodiment, the composition comprises a rheology modifier toincrease the substantivity of the composition, such that it does notdrip undesirably onto other areas of the body, onto clothing, or ontohome furnishings and may also perform as a film former. Any suitablerheology modifier can be used, for example, a cellulose-based rheologymodifier, such as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose. Other non-limitingexamples of rheology modifiers include acrylamide/ammonium acrylatecopolymer (and) polyisobutene (and) polysorbate 20; acrylamide/sodiumacryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer/isohexadecane/polysorbate 80;acrylates copolymer; acrylates/beheneth-25 methacrylate copolymer;acrylates/C10-C30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer; acrylates/steareth-20itaconate copolymer; ammonium polyacrylate/Isohexadecane/PEG-40 castoroil; C12-16 alkyl PEG-2 hydroxypropylhydroxyethyl ethylcellulose(HM-EHEC); carbomer; crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP);dibenzylidene sorbitol; hydroxyethyl ethylcellulose (EHEC);hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC); hydroxypropyl methylcellulose(HPMC); hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC); methylcellulose (MC);methylhydroxyethyl cellulose (MEHEC); PEG-150/decyl alcohol/SMDIcopolymer; PEG-150/stearyl alcohol/SMDI copolymer; polyacrylamide/C13-14isoparaffin/laureth-7; polyacrylate 13/polyisobutene/polysorbate 20;polyacrylate crosspolymer-6; polyamide-3; polyquaternium-37 (and)hydrogenated polydecene (and) trideceth-6; polyurethane-39; sodiumacrylate/acryloyldimethyltaurate/dimethylacrylamide; crosspolymer (and)isohexadecane (and) polysorbate 60; sodium polyacrylate. Exemplarycommercially-available rheology modifiers include ACULYN™ 28, Klucel MCS, Klucel H CS, Klucel G CS, SYLVACLEAR AF1900V, SYLVACLEAR PA1200V,Benecel E10M, Benecel K35M, Optasense RMC70, ACULYN™33, ACULYN™46,ACULYN™22, ACULYN™44, Carbopol Ultrez 20, Carbopol Ultrez 21, CarbopolUltrez 10, Carbopol 1342, Sepigel™ 305, Simulgel™600, Sepimax Zen, andcombinations thereof.

The formulations of the present invention may be present in typical haircare compositions. They may be in the form of solutions, dispersion,emulsions, powders, talcs, encapsulated, spheres, spongers, solid dosageforms, foams, and other delivery mechanisms. The composition of thepresent invention may be hair tonics, leave-on hair products such asconditioners, treatment, and styling products, rinse-off hair productssuch as conditioners, shampoos, and treatment products; and any otherform that may be applied to the hair and preferably applied to thescalp.

II. Method for Increasing Hair Shaft Diameter

The hair care composition described above may also be used in a methodfor increasing hair shaft diameter. The method may comprise applying thehair care composition to a region of the hair, wherein the hair carecomposition comprises from about 0.05% to about 0.5% resorcinol and fromabout 1% to about 1.7% of a rheology modifier.

FORMULATIONS AND EXAMPLES

The following are non-limiting examples of the present invention. Theexamples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not tobe construed as limitations of the present invention, as many variationsthereof are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of theinvention, which would be recognized by one of ordinary skill in theart.

Example 1

Component (wt %) Alcohol 100% DEB 100 (Ethanol) 50 Sepigel 305 1.29Resorcinol 0.15 Hops 0.90 Caffeine 0.94 Niacinamide 3.13 Panthenol 0.19Fragrance: Watergarden 0.30 Silicone: Abil B 8832 0.30 Deionized waterQs *Sepigel ™ 305: Polyacrylamide/C13-14 Isoparaffin/Laureth-7 fromSeppic *Resorcinol: 1,3-Dihydroxybenzene from Jos H Lowenstein & SonsInc. *Hops: Humulus Lupulus (Hops) Extract 8060-28-4 from ArchChemicals, Inc. (extracted in propylene glycol)

Example 2

Component (wt %) Alcohol 100% DEB 100 (Ethanol) 50 Sepigel 305 1.89Resorcinol 0.15 Hops 0.90 Caffeine 0.94 Niacinamide 3.13 Panthenol 0.19Fragrance: Watergarden 0.30 Silicone: Abil B 8832 0.30 Deionized waterQs *Sepigel ™ 305: Polyacrylamide/C13-14 Isoparaffin/Laureth-7 fromSeppic *Resorcinol: 1,3-Dihydroxybenzene from Jos H Lowenstein & SonsInc. *Hops: Humulus Lupulus (Hops) Extract 8060-28-4 from ArchChemicals, Inc. (extracted in propylene glycol)

Example 3

Component (wt %) Alcohol 100% DEB 100 (Ethanol) 58 Sepigel 305 1.89Resorcinol 0.15 Hops 0.9 Caffeine 0.95 Niacinamide 3.15 Panthenol 0.15Fragrance: 0.6 Amaze XT 0.85 Deionized water Qs *Sepigel ™ 305:Polyacrylamide/C13-14 Isoparaffin/Laureth-7 from Seppic *Resorcinol:1,3-Dihydroxybenzene from Jos H Lowenstein & Sons Inc. *Hops: HumulusLupulus (Hops) Extract 8060-28-4 from Arch Chemicals, Inc. (extracted inpropylene glycol) *Amaze XT: dehydroxy xanthan gum from Akzo Nobel

Data

TABLE 1 Average Thickness P N C Resorcinol Hops Sepigel IncreaseViscosity [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [μm] [cps] 0.19 3.13 0.94 0.15 0.9 0.89.2 300 0.19 3.13 0.94 0.15 0.9 1.29 11.3 2659 0.19 3.13 0.94 0.15 0.91.89 8.1 10724 *P: Panthenol *N: Niacinimide *C: Caffeine *Sepigel ™305: Polyacrylamide/C13-14 Isoparaffin/Laureth-7 from Seppic*Resorcinol: 1,3-Dihydroxybenzene from Jos H Lowenstein & Sons Inc.*Hops: Humulus Lupulus (Hops) Extract 8060-28-4 from Arch Chemicals,Inc. (extracted in propylene glycol)

The data in Table 1 surprisingly showed that formulations comprisingfrom about 1% to about 1.7% of a rheology modifier provide a measurableaverage thickness increase of the hair follicle when compared to higherand lower percentages of rheology modifiers. The Example 1 formula wasused to formulate each leg, modifying the levels of the rheologymodifier.

In the examples, all concentrations are listed as weight percent, unlessotherwise specified and may exclude minor materials such as diluents,filler, and so forth. The listed formulations, therefore, comprise thelisted components and any minor materials associated with suchcomponents. As is apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, theselection of these minors will vary depending on the physical andchemical characteristics of the particular ingredients selected to makethe hair care compositions.

Test Methods Measurement of Average Thickness Increase

-   -   1) Asian or Caucasian hair fibers (low-lift general population)        are soaked in deionized water for 10 minutes, and allowed to        equilibrate overnight in at Controlled Temperature and Humidity        room (20 C, 50 RH).    -   2) The single hair fibers are imaged with microscope and the        diameter is measured using software for baseline measurement.    -   3) The hair fibers are then treated with the hair care        composition for 10 minutes to allow for saturation. The fibers        are then removed and allowed to equilibrate and dry overnight.    -   4) The next day, the fibers are imaged and measured for a final        reading. For each experiment, untreated control and product        treatment controls are ran, and at least 5 fibers are measured        per treatment.    -   5) In order to measure increase in thickness as a function of        treatment, the final diameter is subtracted from the initial        diameter. The average thickness increase is reported in the        Table above, with measurements reported in micrometers.

Viscosity Test Method

The hair care composition may have a viscosity of from about 2,000 cpsto about 20,000 cps, alternatively from about 10,000 cps to about 15,000cps. The viscosity of the hair care composition may be determined by acone and plate viscometer/rheometer which measures the viscous dragresulting from the sample material contained in the gap between arotating cone and a stationary plate. The geometry of the cone and platemay be such that the entire sample is subjected to a uniform shear rate.A Brookfield Rheometer RS, with Cone C75-1, 26.7° C. temperature, 2.5 mLsample size, at 2 res/sec for 3 minutes may be used.

The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood asbeing strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead,unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean boththe recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding thatvalue. For example, a dimension disclosed as “40 mm” is intended to mean“about 40 mm.”

All documents cited in the Detailed Description of Embodiments of theInvention are, in relevant part, incorporated herein by reference; thecitation of any document is not to be construed as an admission that itis prior art with respect to the present invention. To the extent thatany meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with anymeaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated byreference, the meaning or definition assigned to that term in thisdocument shall govern.

While particular embodiments of the present invention have beenillustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in theart that various other changes and modifications can be made withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is thereforeintended to cover in the appended claims all such changes andmodifications that are within the scope of this invention.

What is claimed is: 1) A method for increasing hair shaft diameter, themethod comprising applying a hair care composition to a region of thehair, wherein the hair care composition comprises: a. from about 0.05%to about 0.5% resorcinol; and b. from about 1% to about 1.7% of arheology modifier. 2) The method of claim 1, wherein the rheologymodifier is a polyacrylamide thickener. 3) The method of claim 1,wherein the hair care composition comprises from about 0.05% to about0.25% of the resorcinol. 4) The method of claim 1, wherein the hair carecomposition comprises from about 0.05% to about 0.2% of the resorcinol.5) The method of claim 1, wherein the hair care composition furthercomprises from about 0.1% to about 10% caffeine. 6) The method of claim1, wherein the hair care composition further comprises from about 0.1%to about 25% niacinamide. 7) The method of claim 1, wherein the haircare composition further comprises from about 0.01% to about 3%panthenol. 8) The method of claim 1, wherein the resorcinol ischlorinated. 9) A hair care composition comprising: a. from about 0.05%to about 0.5% resorcinol; and b. from about 1% to about 1.7% of arheology modifier. 10) The hair care composition of claim 9, wherein therheology modifier is a polyacrylamide thickener. 11) The hair carecomposition of claim 9, wherein the hair care composition comprises fromabout 0.05% to about 0.25% of the resorcinol. 12) The hair carecomposition of claim 9, wherein the hair care composition comprises fromabout 0.05% to about 0.2% of the resorcinol. 13) The hair carecomposition of claim 9, wherein the hair care composition furthercomprises from about 0.1% to about 10% caffeine. 14) The hair carecomposition of claim 9, wherein the hair care composition furthercomprises from about 0.1% to about 25% niacinamide. 15) The hair carecomposition of claim 9, wherein the hair care composition furthercomprises from about 0.01% to about 3% panthenol. 16) The hair carecomposition of claim 9, wherein the resorcinol is chlorinated.